Approximately every two weeks  you will select two of the questions  posted below which deal with the questions discussed and that you have read about. You will then write a brief response to the question based on your reading and the class's discussion of the questions.

FORMAT OF RESPONSES:
1. The response will be a minimum of 200 words( That is each response is 200 words or more).
2.  Please write the question as the heading for your response.
3.  Be sure to place your name on the page.
4.  Your responses should be double-spaced, font size 10 or 12   using arial or other simple font.
5.  Please send the two response questions as a single document in the WebCT Assignment link..
6.  After you have used spell-check, be sure to proofread your responses.
7.  Be sure to save your work.
8.  Remember your work should be done in Microsoft Word or sent as a Rich text file.

EVALUATION OF RESPONSES Each question will be worth 20 points/ 40 points for the two. 1. They will be graded upon the content (, your understanding of the question, your analysis     and  synthesis of the materials and discussion ) :
 2. on the correct usage of the language (spelling, punctuation, grammar, mechanics). 
3.The grading standard for the correct usage of the language will be Edited American English (found below).
4. There is a five (5) point penalty for work that is late.  Work will not be accepted two (2) days after the due date.

French Absolutism/Russian Absolutism   Sept;. 10( Wed. 12:00 noon week 3)

Response Questions 1
   1. Describe the actions of Richelieu , Mazarin and Louis XIV as they pertained to making the King supreme in France.  Did their efforts result in the King being supreme?

      2.  Discuss the Edict of Nantes, the cause of it, why it was revised, why it was revoked.  What did the Edict mean in terms of religious toleration? Was toleration of religious differences brought about by it?

      3.  Describe Peter I's trip to Western Europe:  its purpose, its results, did it bring about a true change in Russia?

       4.  Compare the reigns of Louis XIV and Peter I:  what changes/reforms were made to make themselves supreme. (include discussion as to which was the greater example of supremacy---building Versailles or building St. Petersburg)

        5.  Peter I and Catherine II bookend the 1700s of Russia. Describe how Catherine II's actions continued Peter I's policy of transforming Russia. ( include specific example(s) for the reign of each regarding changing Russia)

             6.  Discuss the wars fought by Louis XIV. Did they result in making France supreme in Europe? or did they result in the weakening of France?  Was Louis XIV wise or foolish in waging these wars?

        7.  Expansion is a constant theme in Russian history.  Describe the expansionist policies of Peter I and Catherine II. What did they acquire? Why was a warm water port important?

Tudors/Stuarts/Hanoverians Sept. 24 ( Wed. 12:00 noon week 5)

Response Questions  2

1.  Describe the marriages of Henry VIII--his wives, children.

2.  Describe the Mary Stuart, Queen of Scots, affair in the reign of Elizabeth I. (who ,what when, why?)

3.  Describe Sir Thomas More,  do you agree with the Roman Catholic Church that he is a saint?

4.  What was the Elizabethan Settlement?  Why was it necessary?  How did Roman Catholics and Puritans respond to this middle of the road church? (the Church of England treaded a path between the Roman Church and the Radical Protestants)

5.  What were the causes of the English Civil War? Who were the opposing sides? What did each side represent?

6. Why was Charles II able to rule absolutely when his father, Charles I, and his brother, James II, failed to rule absolutely?

7. The Act of Settlement declares that the King or Queen of England must take communion in the Church of England.  This is still the law today in the United Kingdom, should this act be repealed? or is it still necessary?

8.  Why was the Glorious Revolution glorious?  What is the importance of the Bill of Rights, 1689 in regard to the development of parliamentary government in Britain and to the development of the United States' system of government.    

The first exam covers the above materials on Sept. 29-Oct. 5 (week 6)

Enlightenment/French Revolution/Napoleon  Oct. 8 ( Wed. 12:00 noon week 7)

Response Questions 3

The French Revolution clearly marks the end of the 18th century and the beginning of the 19th century.  During the French Revolution there were six constants---the king's indecisiveness ; financial problems; food shortages; rumor; women; violence.  The Revolution moved from a moderate period (the National Assembly) to the radical period ( the National Convention).  The various governments introduced changes that reflected the political thinking  of the day, changes were lasted a brief time, changes that have remained.

1.  In what ways did the Enlightenment affect the French Revolution.  Be sure to discuss the social contract of Locke and Rousseau.

2.  List and compare the legislative acts/accomplishments of the National Assembly ( Constituent Assembly) with the acts/accomplishments of the National Convention.

3.  Based on the six constants listed above, select two episodes of violence from the French Revolution and show the constants in bringing about/acerbating incidents which became violent.

4.  The Glorious Revolution had been nearly bloodless, the American Revolution had no Terror, why then was the French Revolution bloody from beginning  to end (  storming of the Bastille to the Reign of Terror)? Consider the leaders, events, circumstances in this discussion.

The French Revolution comes to an end when Napoleon establishes the Consulate.

5.  Briefly describe the life of Napoleon Bonaparte with regard to his military successes and failures.

6.  The Revolutionary Armies and Napoleon's army succeeded in conquering much of Europe, something which the absolutist armies of the Kings had failed to do. Why were the Revolutionary and Napoleonic armies successful in conquering Europe?

7.  Napoleon is often viewed as the "son of the Revolution".  Why would this be true?  Did his domestic policies preserve the Revolution?  What were the major accomplishments of his domestic policy?

Europe 1815-1848/Nationalism and Liberalism  Oct. 22 ( Wed.  12:00 noon week 9)

Response Questions 4

The Congress of Vienna met to restore Europe as it had been before 1789/French Revolution.  The men who made the decisions there had as their guiding principles: reaction, legitimacy ( restoring the original ruling families to their thrones), and balance of power ( that no one nation should dominate the European political scene as France had under Napoleon). These men had failed to take into consideration that the French Revolution had let loose the forces  of nationalism and liberalism and those forces would not go away.  Europe was changed by the French Revolution and Napoleon.

Revolutions could be labeled as nationalistic or liberal or both.

1.  Describe the Greek war for Independence:  the opposing sides, the goals of each side, leaders of each side, major battles ( if battles on a battle field occurred), the outcome of the war.

2.  Compare the revolution in Greece with the revolution of Two Sicilies:  were they nationalistic? liberal? both? leaders of each, enemies, successes and failures.

3.  List and describe the leading men at the Congress of Vienna: the nations they represented, their national purposes at Vienna.

4.  At the close of the Congress of Vienna the Concert System or Congress system was established by the leaders.  What actions were taken by the Concerts/Congresses in the various revolutions that occurred in the decades following the Congress of Vienna.

5.  Define nationalism and liberalism in the nineteenth century---how did these forces affect Great Britain, the Germanies, France.

6.  In 1848 revolutions broke out over Europe in what countries did these revolutions occur? what was the cause of revolution in the countries, the results of the revolution in each country.

The second exam covers the above materials on Oct. 27- Nov. 2 ( week 10)

Origins of Great War/Great War (World War I)/ Paris Peace Conference   Nov. 12( Wed.. 12:00 noon week 12)

Response Questions 5

German unification was a result of wars waged by Prussia against Denmark, Austria and France.  The Franco-Prussian War left the French bitter and resentful because of the defeat at Sedan, the loss of Alsace-Lorraine and wanting to wage a war of revenge against Germany.

1.  Why was the Alliance system created? what were the two major alliance groups? what was the Entente Cordiale and why did it differ from the other alliances? How did the alliance system entangle the European nations?

2.  How/why did the Europeans engage in the "Scramble for Africa"?  What nations dominated the Africa? What conflicts arose between the European nations because of Africa? ( be sure to  include Henry Morton)

3.  Describe the assassination of Franz Ferdinand and the actions of Austria, Germany, Russia, Britain and France in the days following the assassination leading to war in August.

4.  Describe the Western Front---life in the trenches, the tactics and strategies used  by the comb ants, the new weapons used.

5. Describe the war that fought on the seas during the Great War---British actions, German actions, the use of submarines, the battle of Jutland.

6.  Who were the men who represented the victorious allies at the Paris Peace Conference 1919?  What were their goals at the peace conference? Did they achieve their goals? why/why not?

7.  What were the terms of the Versailles Peace treaty with Germany? why would these treaty lead to the rise of the Nazis in the 1930s?

Between the Wars/Causes of World War II/World War II  Nov. 26(Wed. 12:00 noon week 14)

Response Questions 6

1.  Discuss the general causes of the Second World War and tie the various crises leading to war in 1939 to the causes.

2.  Compare and contrast the March Revolution of 1917 Russia with the Bolshevik Revolution of October 1917.

3. Describe and compare the Fascists of Italy and the Nazis of Germany.

4.  Germany by June 1940 controlled most of Europe, only Great Britain and its Empire was standing against Germany, Why did Hitler attack the Soviet Union and then declare war on the United States?

5.  Describe the course of the Second World War in terms of the invasion of Poland, Fall of France, Operation Overlord, Battle of the Bulge and Victory in Europe May 1945.

6.  Describe the events leading to the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor, what happened at Pearl Harbor and the aftermath of the attack.

The third exam covers the above materials Nov. 29- Dec. 2

 Grading Standard  Edited American English is the form of English which is used in newspapers and magazines, in textbooks and fiction works, and in memos and letters.

Type I:  Gross Errors (-10 pts. each)

              A. fragment (ex.   Because I had a flat tire.)

              B. lack of subject/verb agreement (ex. The man were having a nervous breakdown.)

              C. fused/run-on sentence (ex. I had no choice I had to take the test.)

              D. incorrect tense or verb form (ex. The boy gone to the store for his father.)

Type II:  Major Errors (-5 pts. each)

              A. comma between subject and verb(comma fault) (ex. The mother,gave her son the apple.)

                 B. comma splice (ex. We went to the store,we  got some bread and milk.)

                 C. failure to show possession (ex. My husband pants are dirty.)

                  D. no indentation at beginning of paragraph and incorrect paragraph form.

Type III: Minor Errors ( -2 pts. each)

               A. misspelled words or incorrect capitalization

                B. misused homonyms or words used incorrectly

               C. commas added unnecessarily or commas lacking

               D. punctuation missing or incorrect

                E. incorrect pronoun agreement

               F. misleading pronoun reference

               G. unnecessary shift of tense or person

               H. words left out/dangling or misplaced modifiers.